Sumerian Culture :: essays research papers

While researching Sumerian culture I learned manyinteresting things that I was not aware of before. many an(prenominal) littleknown facts about Sumer will change the way that peoplefeel about other ancient societies. Many advances that arenot attributed to Sumeria, a good deal were pioneered by thisadvanced culture long before others. Most people donteven know much about the origan of the Sumerian culture.The people who originally lived in Sumer in 4000 BC werenot really Sumerians. Sumers original inhabitants were in factUbaidians. The Ubaidian culture was already quite advancedfor that time, and had a large variety of singular farmingtechniques. Between 4000 and 3000 BC Sumer wasinfiltrated by many nomadic tribes. This constant movementof peoples caused a cross-fertilization of culture. Technologyfrom many different regions were becoming alter inSumer. So were different theological viewpoints. During thismillennium the people that we think of as Sumerians movedinto Sumer. These people originated near the Caspian seaand did not even get into in Sumer until 3300 BC. When thesepeople ended up in Sumer it created the worlds first "highcivilization". All who lived in Sumer were now recognized asSumerian, because Sumerian was the car park language.Sumer, like most early middle-eastern nations, was in thefertile crescent. These small waterways provided excellantirrigation, and transportation. Sumer was one of the firstlarge civilizations that had a very developed textile fabrication.Wool trim from goats and sheep was made intogarments. The usage of linen was reserved for only highpriests and other dignitaries. Flax and wool was used foreveryone else. Farming was overly a very predominantindustry in this nation. All of the mixed culture taught theSumerians about many different farming methods. Sicklesand other tools help in the farming. The harvested grain waspreserved in granaries and pots. This allowed grain to beshipped without spoiling or moldi ng. All of the waterways inSumeria allowed products to be shipped up and down riversto other destinations. One popular shipping method wascalled the "Turnip". The turnip was a buoy shaped boat thatwas attached to a long rope. The turnip would float along inthe water, while the merchant rode on ahorse on a nearby road. Transportation methods increased in efficiency andnew types of them arrived during the Sumerian rule, forinstance, more types of boats were invented, and theSumerians introduced the sail to the world of travel. Thewheel was also first implemented in the Sumerian nation.When these advanced forms of transportation were notavailable, people still used donkeys with baskets strapped totheir sides. Iron working was used to create tools that aided

Corporate Social Responsibility Essay example -- Business Corporate So

Corporate kindly Responsibility Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a very controversial topic. A question that has been debated for the past few decades is is it corporately viable to introduce brotherly responsibility as a proposed addition to the work ethic of air organisations. As well as, if adopting the example of corporate social responsibility would yield positive improvements for those organisations. The purpose of this quiz is to research the no(prenominal)ion of CSR and uncover its true framework and outline what social responsibility truly means to corporate organisations, and whether it should be seriously considered to be a legitimate addition to the corporate framework of an organisation. This bequeath be done by outlining some of the basics through the explanation of some terms underpinning CSR and managerial involvement. An explanation of how CSR is an essential part of business language. This impart then be followed by a breakdown of the complex framewo rk that CSR is believed to have. The social expectations that consumers have of business, and ways those businesses can meet these expectations will be addressed. whence an outline of the role management plays in the incorporation of socially responsible attributes to a corporation will be expressed, evidence to suggest that ?if this means that thither a social contract that requires business to honour a moral bare minimum, then a business manager is duty-bound to obey it? (Bowie 1991 56-66). This essay shall also investigate some of the classical theories of CSR and its contribution to profit maximisation. Finally, some specific arguments that state that the introduction of social responsibility is not a respectable idea and how it has failed to create the ?good society? (Friedman 1970 122-126) will be discussed.Corporate social responsibility has undergone a definitional evolution over the past half carbon but has always and will always remain an essential part of business lang uage. Definitions of CSR have became more specific since the 70?s, with alternative emphases, being placed on issues such as the understanding of corporate citizenship (which is a key concept of CSR), and the stakeholder theory. In early writings CSR was referred to more often as social responsibility (SR) rather than as CSR. Bowen (1953 6) set forth an initial definition of the social responsibility It re... ...974. ?Social responsibilities of business managers?. Academy of Management Journal, vol. 17, pp. 135-143.McWilliams, A. and Siegel, D. 2001, ?Corporate Social Responsibility A Theory of the Firm Perspective?, Academy of Management Review, vol 26, no. 1, pp 117-128.Mitchell, R., Agle, B., & Wood, D. 1997. ?Toward a theory of stakeholder identification and salience Defining the principle of who and what rattling counts?. Academy of Management Review, vol. 22, pp. 853-886.Robbins, S. P., Bergman, R., Stagg, I. and Coulter, M. (2000) ?Management?, French?s Forest Prentice Hal l.Verschoor, C. (2001) ?Corporate Power Must Be Balanced With Good Citizenship?, strategic Finance, vol. 83, no. 3.Waddock, S., & Graves, S. 1997. ?The corporate social performance--financial performance link?. Strategic Management Journal, vol. 18, pp. 303-319.Weigelt, K., & Camerer, C. 1988. ?Reputation and corporate strategy A review of recent theory and application?. Strategic Management Journal, vol. 9,pp. 443-454.Wright, P., & Ferris, S. 1997. ?Agency conflict and corporate strategy The effect of divestment on corporate value?. Strategic management Journal, vol. 18, pp. 77-83.

Arrhythmia :: essays research papers

arrhythmiaI am doing my report on Arrhythmia. It affects the cardiacmuscle, the center field. Arrhythmia causes three types of problems. Itcauses the meaning to pump too slowly (bradycardia), it causes the heartto pump too fast (tachycardis), and it causes the heart to skip beats(palipations).Bradycardia can be real serious. Some of the symptoms areloss of consciousness, heart failure, or death. Slow heart rates arecaused by heart block. The police wagon natural pace-maker fails to beconducted to the ventricles, the hearts main pumping chambers. Some treatments can be used. An electronic pace-maker can beinserted and it will send electronic impulse to the heart stimulating itto beat at a normal rhythm. Pace-makers are only inserted when theheart beats too slow.Tachycardis can also be very serious. It can lead to disablingsymptoms and take down death. When you have Tachycardis your heartrate is above 100 beats per minute. Tachycardis is caused by heartinjuries from past times. T achycardis usually occurs months or yearsafter a heart attack. A treatment for Tachycardis can be inserting adevice called a defibrillator. A defibrillator will detect and treatabnormally fast heart rhythms. The defibrillator monitors the heartand automatically gives electric shocks before Arrhythmia causespermanent damage. If the person does non have a defibrillator astrong electric shock will be given. The cause of Tachycardis is bysomething not functioning properly in the atria. They are sometimesstimulated by anxiety. Too much caffeine or alcohol and certaindrugs can also be the cause. Attacks might last a few minutes orseveral days. They can be serious and sometimes not serious.Palpitations happen when your heart skips beats. Palpitationshave many different symptoms. Some of these symptoms aredizziness, fatigue or fainting as a result of the brain not gettingenough oxygen rich blood, chest pain, shortness of breath, and death(which occurs rarely). Palpitations are caused by h igh blood pressure,mistral valve prolapse, Hyperthyroidism, Anemia, coronary arterydisease, or stress, Anxiety, threat attacks, stimulants such as caffine,nicotine, and alcohol, heavy excursus, high consumption of nutmeg. There some treatments which you can do. You could try to hold yourbreath briefly, take a slow fuddle of cold water, wash your face in coldwater, cough several times, and hold your nose and blow (it will pop

Clear Channel: Music Entertainment :: Radio Stations Songs Papers

Clear take Music EntertainmentAfter scanning oer the frequencies offered on the FM dial, communicate listeners straight off quickly become bored, annoyed, and frustrated at what they hear.As they flip from position to invest, listeners usually hear the same songs, often songs they do not especially like, repeated on multiple post despite a change in frequency.Few of these songs are not that months best-selling singles, unless they are listening to older harmony, which often only reflects the several(prenominal)(prenominal) dozen most popular tunes of previous generations.Amidst the repetitious music, listeners mustiness also hear advertisements on numerous of the stations they turn to, waiting through several minutes of annoying sales plugs at each station before hearing more commencement-quality music. Perhaps these irritations are the reasons that fewer people have been tune in to radio in the kick the bucket several years.Over the last decade, the amount of radio liste ning in the U.S. has declined by 13%.Between 1998 and 2001, the amount of listening among teenagers dropped by 10% (Kot, Whats Wrong sc.2).Excessive commercials was the reason one-third of listeners between the ages 12-24 gave for listening to radio less, amidst other complaints about the lack of variety in the songs and programs they were hearing (Boehlert, Radios Big 5).Many music fans and critics from within the music industry blame the decrease in radios popularity on the large corporate conglomerates that now own and control much of the music cheer industry.Driven by the desire for profits, Clear Channel, the largest of these conglomerates, deserves most of the blame for mass-producing low quality, inaccessible radio and concerts across the U.S. After the Telecommunications Act of 1996 deregulated the radio industry, radio-owning corporations began rapidly consolidating.The National tie beam of Broadcasters lobbied Congress to pass this bill (Boehlert, One Big beaming 4), wh ich would effectively eliminate all regimeal restrictions on how many national radio stations one company could own and would loosen the limits on how many local radio stations companies could own.When the act was passed, the Federal Communications Commission allowed large radio companies to own up to eight local stations in any market, a large increase from the previous limit of two stations (Compaine 297). This government deregulation revolutionized radio by allowing larger radio companies to have a spree of radio station buyouts.The more powerful companies that emerged further consolidated over the next few years through mergers that created radio giants with ample empires of media control.Clear Channel Music Entertainment Radio Stations Songs PapersClear Channel Music EntertainmentAfter scanning over the frequencies offered on the FM dial, radio listeners today quickly become bored, annoyed, and frustrated at what they hear.As they flip from station to station, listeners u sually hear the same songs, often songs they do not especially like, repeated on multiple stations despite a change in frequency.Few of these songs are not that months best-selling singles, unless they are listening to older music, which often only reflects the several dozen most popular tunes of previous generations.Amidst the repetitious music, listeners must also hear advertisements on many of the stations they turn to, waiting through several minutes of annoying sales plugs at each station before hearing more low-quality music. Perhaps these irritations are the reasons that fewer people have been tuning in to radio in the last several years.Over the last decade, the amount of radio listening in the U.S. has declined by 13%.Between 1998 and 2001, the amount of listening among teenagers dropped by 10% (Kot, Whats Wrong sc.2).Excessive commercials was the reason one-third of listeners between the ages 12-24 gave for listening to radio less, amidst other complaints about the lack of variety in the songs and programs they were hearing (Boehlert, Radios Big 5).Many music fans and critics from within the music industry blame the decrease in radios popularity on the large corporate conglomerates that now own and control much of the music entertainment industry.Driven by the desire for profits, Clear Channel, the largest of these conglomerates, deserves most of the blame for mass-producing low quality, inaccessible radio and concerts across the U.S. After the Telecommunications Act of 1996 deregulated the radio industry, radio-owning corporations began rapidly consolidating.The National Association of Broadcasters lobbied Congress to pass this bill (Boehlert, One Big Happy 4), which would effectively eliminate all governmental restrictions on how many national radio stations one company could own and would loosen the limits on how many local radio stations companies could own.When the act was passed, the Federal Communications Commission allowed large radio compani es to own up to eight local stations in any market, a large increase from the previous limit of two stations (Compaine 297). This government deregulation revolutionized radio by allowing larger radio companies to begin a spree of radio station buyouts.The more powerful companies that emerged further consolidated over the next few years through mergers that created radio giants with vast empires of media control.

Essay --

FROMMathilde RenouTOMs. Charlotte IrwinREMemorandum on Prosecutor v. Dusko Tadic, Decision on interlocutory Appeal on Jurisdiction, ICTY Appeals ChamberDATEDecember 06, 2013FACTSDusko Tadic is a Bosnian Serb accused of crimes against humanity amongst which the foremost were the collection, the mistreatment and the killing of Bosnian Muslims and Croats in the former Yugoslavia in 1992. Also kn feature as Dule Tadic, this former leader of Serbian paramilitary forces has been indicted in 1995 . The self-renunciation team had fulfilled a preliminary motion for freeing of the charges based on the tribunal lack of jurisdiction which was primarily rejected by the Trial Chamber which refused, amongst others, to investigate the legitimacy of the creation of the tribunal . From this dismissal, the Defence team filed an interlocutory appeal to contest, amongst others, the illegal foundation of the International Tribunal . ISSUEDusko Tadic (hereinafter the Appellant) contested the jurisdictio n (or the competence as it is referred in the French magnetic declination of the case) of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) and alleged an error of law on the part of the Trial Chamber , and contested particularly the legitimacy of the mental hospital of the Tribunal. Therefore the questions are the following. Does the Tribunal has the power to determine its own jurisdiction, i.e. its legal foundation by asserting the principle of comptence de la competence? By extension, does the UN warranter Council acting under Chapter VII of the united Nations Charter is lawfully entitled to establish an international criminal tribunal?RULEUnder article 36(6) edict of the salute , the Court asserted its right to the principle of... ... of Procedure , and rejected the first ground of appeal of the Appellant based on an unlawful administration of the International Tribunal .CONCLUSIONThe Appeals Chamber rejected the heading of the appellant related to the lack of jurisdiction of the ICTY by asserting its power to determine its own jurisdiction. The Court affirmed its comptence de la comptence under Article 36 (6) ICJ Statute by arguing that the tribunal has been lawfully and legitimately founded under Chapter VII of the United Nations and reaffirmed that The UN Security Council had the legitimacy to establish a subsidiary organ, i.e. a tribunal, under international law respecting the rule of law. By ruling on this decision, the Court has asserted its capacity to determine and to exercise its competence on its own jurisdiction, best known as the principle of comptence de la comptence.

What the Women Want Essay -- Health Policy, Aboriginal Women

What the women wantResearch done by Browne & Fiske (2001) describes aboriginal womens positive experiences with the health cargon governing body and interactions. For example, one woman stated that being able to be involved in her care and sharing information and knowledge led her to develop a rapport with her physician. She was given the time to ask questions and felt welcome. Caring gestures towards the patients also made the women feel as though they were important. Presencing themselves after shifts were over were described as going above and beyond by the women and they were appreciative while going through something emotionally distressing. The women also felt validated when their cultural healing practices were welcomed and discussed in conjunction with western medicine. Forming long term positive relationships with health care providers enhanced the womens well being and overall health care experience. entirely of these testimonies of experiences narrowed the social gap bet ween health care provider and patient. This enabled a healthy relationship in which trust and respect were mutually exchanged. inhering Liaison WorkersIn a report done by Browne and Fiske (2008) entitled Paradoxes and Contradictions in Health Policy reform, women who participated in a study verbalized the desire to have access to Native Liaison bailiwickers. More hospitals would benefit from adopting professional roles such as the Native Liaison worker. Native Liaison workers work to interpret, advocate and bridge the gaps between health care professionals and aboriginal patients. This role has been quite significant in maintaining cultural sensitivity amongst the power imbalances that may swallow place within health care settings. The Native Liaison workers help both th... ...post colonial concerns into praxis, pushing beyond culturalist approaches to policy (Browne & Smye, 2002). According to Richardson, Williams, Finlay & Farell (2009) there are three concepts that can be us ed to incorporate cultural safety into their practice and these are self recognition, situational assessment, and a solution focus. Nurses need to self rebound and identify their own cultural position and identify biases that may affect their daily practice. By undergoing this process, nurses can then identify what constitutes cultural risk. Next, by assessing each situation, potential outcomes can be foreseen that may or may not be culturally safe practice. Nurses who are solution focused can advert as role models for patients, colleagues and the community at large. Communication, reflection and leadership skills are essentials of culturally safe practice.

What the Women Want Essay -- Health Policy, Aboriginal Women

What the women wantResearch done by Browne & Fiske (2001) describes aboriginal womens positive experiences with the health c are system and interactions. For example, one woman stated that organism able to be involved in her care and sharing randomness and knowledge led her to develop a rapport with her physician. She was given the time to ask questions and matt-up welcome. Caring gestures towards the patients also made the women feel as though they were important. Presencing themselves after shifts were over were described as going above and beyond by the women and they were appreciative while going through something emotionally distressing. The women also felt validated when their hea becauseish healing practices were welcomed and discussed in conjunction with western medicine. Forming long term positive relationships with health care providers enhanced the womens well being and overall health care experience. All of these testimonies of experiences narrowed the social gap betwee n health care provider and patient. This enabled a healthy relationship in which trust and respect were mutually exchanged. primaeval Liaison WorkersIn a report done by Browne and Fiske (2008) entitled Paradoxes and Contradictions in Health insurance reform, women who participated in a study expressed the desire to have access to Native Liaison workers. More hospitals would benefit from adopting professional roles such as the Native Liaison worker. Native Liaison workers work to interpret, advocate and bridge the gaps between health care professionals and aboriginal patients. This role has been quite significant in maintaining cultural sensitivity amongst the power imbalances that may take place within health care settings. The Native Liaison workers help both th... ...post colonial concerns into praxis, pushing beyond culturalist approaches to policy (Browne & Smye, 2002). According to Richardson, Williams, Finlay & Farell (2009) there are three concepts that can be used to incor porate cultural safety into their practice and these are self recognition, situational assessment, and a solution focus. Nurses need to self reflect and identify their own cultural position and identify biases that may affect their daily practice. By undergoing this process, nurses can then identify what constitutes cultural risk. Next, by assessing each situation, potential outcomes can be foreseen that may or may not be culturally safe practice. Nurses who are solution focused can serve as role models for patients, colleagues and the community at large. Communication, reflection and leadership skills are essentials of culturally safe practice.